This article is from the Aquaria: Plants FAQ, by multiple authors.
In general, it's good to match the substrate with the types of plant
(or types of roots). For instance big Amazon Sword plants like deep
gravel of 4 inches (10cm), but Lilaeopsis grass can do fine with an
inch or less. This can be helped by terracing the back of your tank to
be deeper and planting your deep-rooted plants there. You also can't
go wrong with a uniform 3 inches (7cm) of gravel all-around.
 
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